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Thus, ice combines two types of behavior – flexoelectricity at “warm” negative temperatures and ferroelectricity on the surface at deep minuses. This brings it closer to functional materials used in the production of sensors and capacitors.
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In addition to theoretical interest, the discovery helps to better understand natural phenomena – for example, cloud charging and lightning formation: collisions and bending of ice particles in thunderstorms can lead to the accumulation of electricity.
Prospects for application include the development of sensors and devices for operation in extremely cold conditions, where ice is able to convert mechanical stress into electrical signals.
