Space

This is due to the finite speed of signal propagation and the vast distances in space. The crew finds itself in information isolation and is forced to rely solely on autonomous systems and their own decisions without the possibility of rapid data exchange or social contact with the home planet.

An additional difficulty is created by the effect of time dilation: for people on board, interstellar travel can take only tens of years, while for observers on Earth it stretches out over thousands or millions of years.

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There is a popular theory that black holes may be tunnels or “wormholes” connecting different regions of space-time. However, modern theoretical studies point to the inconsistency of this model: the laws of physics do not allow a black hole to remain empty with a concentrated mass in the center, and attempts to construct a theory of “wormholes” violate the fundamental principles of consistency.

An alternative approach considers black holes as so-called “fuzzballs” within the framework of string theory. In this model, the mass of a black hole consists of entangled strings that fill its entire volume and radiate energy along with information.

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Spaceflight accelerates the aging process in astronauts’ blood-forming cells. Research shows that after several weeks on the International Space Station, blood stem and progenitor cells lose their ability to renew themselves effectively, accumulate DNA damage, and shorten telomeres—classic signs of cellular aging.

In microgravity, cells become overactive, come out of their protective resting state, and use up their resources faster. Additionally, mitochondrial stress signals and activation of previously “silent” regions of the genome are observed, which can weaken the immune system and increase the risk of disease.

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China plans to launch a mission to change the orbit of an asteroid to protect Earth from a possible collision. The chief designer of the lunar exploration program, academician Wu Weiren, said that a kinetic impact experiment similar to the American DART mission will be conducted in 2025.

The plan is to send two spacecraft simultaneously: the first to study the asteroid in detail, and the second to strike it with the aim of adjusting its trajectory by approximately 3-5 centimeters.

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Analyzing several transits of the planet in front of the star, scientists noticed a decrease in the intensity of light at certain wavelengths, which may indicate clouds or the presence of gases. However, the researchers do not rule out the possibility of a “bare rock” without an atmosphere: similar effects can be created by star spots. Additional observations and a more in-depth analysis will help clarify the situation.

The team has already ruled out the possibility of a hydrogen-rich atmosphere and considers the Venusian atmosphere saturated with carbon dioxide unlikely. If the existence of a nitrogen-containing shell is confirmed, this will increase hopes for detecting signs of life and show that red dwarfs do not always destroy the atmospheres of their planets.

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